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Portugal vs Uruguay

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Portugal | Uruguay
Portugal

Portugal

Uruguay

Uruguay

Legal
Legal

Portugal was formerly a crypto tax haven with 0% capital gains tax on crypto for individuals, but the 2023 State Budget introduced a 28% capital gains tax on crypto held for less than one year. Crypto held for over 365 days remains tax-free for individuals. Banco de Portugal registers VASPs for AML compliance, and Portugal transitions to MiCA. Portugal attracted many crypto entrepreneurs due to its previously favorable tax regime and NHR (Non-Habitual Resident) program.

Uruguay has a generally favorable stance toward cryptocurrency. The BCU has not banned crypto and in 2024 introduced regulations for virtual asset service providers. Crypto income may be taxed at 12% under the IRPF (personal income tax) as capital income. Uruguay has a stable economy and is positioning itself as a fintech hub in Latin America.

Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Type Income
Tax Rate 28%
Tax Rate 12%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator Banco de Portugal, CMVM (Securities Market Commission)
Regulator BCU (Banco Central del Uruguay)
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework
Stablecoin Rules No specific stablecoin regulation
Key Points
  • 28% capital gains tax on crypto sold within 365 days (introduced in 2023 budget)
  • Crypto held for more than 365 days is exempt from capital gains tax for individuals
  • Banco de Portugal oversees VASP registration for AML/CFT compliance
  • CMVM regulates crypto where classified as securities
  • Former 0% tax regime attracted crypto entrepreneurs; NHR tax regime phased out in 2024
Key Points
  • BCU introduced VASP regulations in 2024
  • Crypto income taxed at 12% as capital income under IRPF
  • Crypto not classified as legal tender; peso remains the national currency
  • Uruguay has a relatively stable economy and favorable fintech environment
  • AML/KYC requirements apply to registered VASPs
Sources
Sources