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Mongolia vs Portugal

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Mongolia | Portugal
Mongolia

Mongolia

Portugal

Portugal

Legal
Legal

Mongolia adopted the Law on Virtual Asset Service Providers (VPSP) in December 2021, establishing a comprehensive regulatory framework. The Financial Regulatory Commission (FRC) registers and supervises crypto exchanges. Over 12 licensed exchanges serve 850,000+ customers. Crypto mining is legal and growing, with tax incentives for renewable energy use.

Portugal was formerly a crypto tax haven with 0% capital gains tax on crypto for individuals, but the 2023 State Budget introduced a 28% capital gains tax on crypto held for less than one year. Crypto held for over 365 days remains tax-free for individuals. Banco de Portugal registers VASPs for AML compliance, and Portugal transitions to MiCA. Portugal attracted many crypto entrepreneurs due to its previously favorable tax regime and NHR (Non-Habitual Resident) program.

Tax Type Income
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 10-25%
Tax Rate 28%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator Financial Regulatory Commission (FRC) of Mongolia
Regulator Banco de Portugal, CMVM (Securities Market Commission)
Stablecoin Rules No specific stablecoin regulation
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework
Key Points
  • Law on Virtual Asset Service Providers (VPSP) adopted December 2021
  • FRC registers and supervises crypto exchanges under VPSP law
  • Over 12 licensed exchanges serving 850,000+ customers
  • Crypto exchange income is taxable and exempt from VAT
  • Mongolia launched blockchain-based OTC securities trading in 2025
Key Points
  • 28% capital gains tax on crypto sold within 365 days (introduced in 2023 budget)
  • Crypto held for more than 365 days is exempt from capital gains tax for individuals
  • Banco de Portugal oversees VASP registration for AML/CFT compliance
  • CMVM regulates crypto where classified as securities
  • Former 0% tax regime attracted crypto entrepreneurs; NHR tax regime phased out in 2024
Sources
Sources