Iraq vs South Africa
Crypto regulation comparison
Iraq
South Africa
Banned
Legal
Iraq has banned cryptocurrency dealings. The Central Bank of Iraq issued a directive in 2017 prohibiting banks, financial institutions, and exchange companies from dealing in cryptocurrency. Despite the ban, some underground and peer-to-peer crypto trading reportedly persists.
South Africa has embraced crypto regulation. In 2022, the FSCA declared crypto assets as financial products under the Financial Advisory and Intermediary Services (FAIS) Act, requiring crypto service providers to obtain FSCA licenses. SARS taxes crypto gains under capital gains tax (up to 18% effective rate for individuals) or income tax depending on trading frequency. South Africa is the largest crypto market in Africa.
Tax Type
Unclear
Tax Type
Capital gains
Tax Rate
N/A
Tax Rate
18% (effective max ~18%)
Exchanges
No
Exchanges
Yes
Mining
No
Mining
No
Regulator
CBI (Central Bank of Iraq)
Regulator
FSCA (Financial Sector Conduct Authority), SARB (South African Reserve Bank)
Stablecoin Rules
Not applicable; crypto activities prohibited
Stablecoin Rules
Crypto assets declared financial products under FAIS; stablecoins included
Key Points
- CBI banned all crypto dealings by financial institutions in 2017
- Exchange companies are prohibited from handling cryptocurrency
- No regulatory framework for crypto businesses
- Underground and P2P crypto trading reportedly exists despite the ban
- The ban is motivated by AML concerns and financial stability considerations
Key Points
- Crypto declared a financial product under FAIS Act (2022); service providers must be FSCA-licensed
- FSCA began licensing crypto asset service providers (CASPs) in 2023
- Capital gains taxed at effective rate up to 18% (45% max marginal rate × 40% inclusion)
- Frequent trading may be classified as income and taxed at marginal rates (up to 45%)
- SARB regulates cross-border crypto transactions under exchange control regulations