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Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Kazakhstan

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Kazakhstan
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Partially Regulated
Legal

Bosnia and Herzegovina has no comprehensive crypto legislation. The Central Bank warns crypto is not legal tender and banks cannot convert crypto to BAM. Crypto trading is legal. A 2024 AML law designates VASPs as obligated entities. Republika Srpska gave crypto legal status as digital records of value in 2022. Corporate tax on crypto is 10%.

Kazakhstan has a dual approach to crypto regulation. The Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC) operates as a regulated sandbox where licensed crypto exchanges can operate under AFSA supervision. Outside the AIFC, crypto regulation is more restrictive. Kazakhstan became a major mining hub after China's ban but has since tightened mining regulations.

Tax Type Income
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 10%
Tax Rate 10%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Regulator AFSA (Astana Financial Services Authority), NBK (National Bank of Kazakhstan)
Stablecoin Rules No specific stablecoin regulation; 2024 AML law covers VASPs
Stablecoin Rules AIFC (Astana International Financial Centre) has its own framework for digital assets including stablecoins
Key Points
  • No comprehensive crypto legislation at state level
  • Central Bank warns crypto is not legal tender; banks cannot convert to BAM
  • 2024 AML/CFT law designates VASPs as obligated entities with KYC requirements
  • Republika Srpska gave crypto legal status as digital records in 2022
  • 10% corporate tax on crypto profits; exchange services VAT exempt
Key Points
  • AIFC provides a regulatory sandbox for licensed crypto exchanges and businesses
  • Mining is legal and licensed, with a specific tax on electricity consumption for miners
  • Kazakhstan became the world's second-largest Bitcoin mining country after China's 2021 ban
  • 2022 mining crackdown introduced stricter licensing and energy consumption taxes
  • Outside AIFC, domestic crypto payments and exchanges face greater restrictions
Sources
Sources