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Slovakia vs United States

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Slovakia | United States
Slovakia

Slovakia

United States

United States

Legal
Legal

Cryptocurrency is legal in Slovakia and regulated under EU MiCA framework since December 2024. A 7% reduced tax rate for long-term holdings was passed in 2023 but repealed by the consolidation package before taking effect. Crypto gains are taxed at standard income tax rates of 19-25%. VASPs must be authorized by NBS under MiCA.

The United States has the world's most complex crypto regulatory landscape, with overlapping federal and state jurisdictions. The SEC regulates crypto securities and has pursued enforcement actions against exchanges and token issuers. The CFTC oversees crypto derivatives and considers Bitcoin a commodity. FinCEN applies BSA requirements to crypto exchanges as money service businesses. The IRS taxes crypto as property: short-term gains at income tax rates (10-37%), long-term gains at 0-20%. New 1099-DA broker reporting rules take effect from 2025. Multiple states have their own requirements, with New York's BitLicense being the most stringent.

Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 19-25%
Tax Rate 0-37%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator NBS (Národná banka Slovenska)
Regulator SEC, CFTC, FinCEN, OCC, IRS, State regulators
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework
Stablecoin Rules Stablecoin legislation actively being developed in Congress; existing oversight by SEC, CFTC, state regulators
Key Points
  • 7% tax rate for long-term holdings was passed in 2023 but repealed before taking effect
  • Crypto gains taxed at 19% (income up to €47,537) or 25% (above threshold)
  • VASPs must register with NBS for AML/CFT compliance
  • MiCA framework applicable since 30 December 2024; NBS grants authorizations
  • MiCA framework applicable from December 2024
Key Points
  • SEC regulates crypto as securities under Howey test; major enforcement actions (Ripple, Coinbase, Binance)
  • CFTC classifies Bitcoin and Ether as commodities; oversees derivatives markets
  • IRS treats crypto as property: short-term gains taxed at 10-37%, long-term (1yr+) at 0-20%
  • FinCEN requires exchanges to register as MSBs and comply with BSA/AML requirements
  • 1099-DA broker reporting for centralized exchanges effective from tax year 2025
Sources
Sources