BTC $67,831.00 (+1.06%)
ETH $1,957.26 (-1.26%)
XRP $1.42 (-0.48%)
BNB $611.71 (-0.24%)
SOL $83.57 (+1.48%)
TRX $0.28 (+1.15%)
DOGE $0.10 (+0.49%)
BCH $563.21 (+0.23%)
ADA $0.27 (-0.58%)
LEO $8.60 (-0.53%)
HYPE $29.32 (+1.97%)
XMR $333.85 (+1.63%)
LINK $8.63 (-1.03%)
CC $0.16 (-2.39%)
XLM $0.16 (+0.16%)
RAIN $0.01 (+2.99%)
ZEC $264.93 (+0.71%)
HBAR $0.10 (-0.41%)
LTC $53.41 (+0.32%)
AVAX $9.06 (+1.72%)

Russia vs United States

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Russia | United States
Russia

Russia

United States

United States

Partially Regulated
Legal

Russia's crypto regulation is complex and evolving. The 2021 'On Digital Financial Assets' law recognizes crypto as property but bans its use as a means of payment. Mining was legalized and regulated in 2024 under a new mining law. Crypto is taxed as income at 13-15%. The CBR pushed for a total ban on crypto trading but was overruled by the government, which favors regulation. International sanctions have complicated Russia's crypto landscape.

The United States has the world's most complex crypto regulatory landscape, with overlapping federal and state jurisdictions. The SEC regulates crypto securities and has pursued enforcement actions against exchanges and token issuers. The CFTC oversees crypto derivatives and considers Bitcoin a commodity. FinCEN applies BSA requirements to crypto exchanges as money service businesses. The IRS taxes crypto as property: short-term gains at income tax rates (10-37%), long-term gains at 0-20%. New 1099-DA broker reporting rules take effect from 2025. Multiple states have their own requirements, with New York's BitLicense being the most stringent.

Tax Type Income
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 13-15%
Tax Rate 0-37%
Exchanges No No
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator CBR (Central Bank of Russia), Ministry of Finance
Regulator SEC, CFTC, FinCEN, OCC, IRS, State regulators
Stablecoin Rules Crypto payments banned; digital ruble CBDC introduced
Stablecoin Rules Stablecoin legislation actively being developed in Congress; existing oversight by SEC, CFTC, state regulators
Key Points
  • Digital Financial Assets law (2021) recognizes crypto as property but bans use as payment
  • Crypto mining officially legalized and regulated under 2024 mining legislation
  • Crypto income taxed at 13% (up to RUB 5M) or 15% (above RUB 5M)
  • Domestic crypto exchanges not legally operating; P2P trading widespread. CBR framework Dec 2025 targeting July 2026.
  • International sanctions have increased interest in crypto for cross-border transfers
Key Points
  • SEC regulates crypto as securities under Howey test; major enforcement actions (Ripple, Coinbase, Binance)
  • CFTC classifies Bitcoin and Ether as commodities; oversees derivatives markets
  • IRS treats crypto as property: short-term gains taxed at 10-37%, long-term (1yr+) at 0-20%
  • FinCEN requires exchanges to register as MSBs and comply with BSA/AML requirements
  • 1099-DA broker reporting for centralized exchanges effective from tax year 2025
Sources
Sources