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Russia vs Slovakia

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Russia | Slovakia
Russia

Russia

Slovakia

Slovakia

Partially Regulated
Legal

Russia's crypto regulation is complex and evolving. The 2021 'On Digital Financial Assets' law recognizes crypto as property but bans its use as a means of payment. Mining was legalized and regulated in 2024 under a new mining law. Crypto is taxed as income at 13-15%. The CBR pushed for a total ban on crypto trading but was overruled by the government, which favors regulation. International sanctions have complicated Russia's crypto landscape.

Cryptocurrency is legal in Slovakia and regulated under EU MiCA framework since December 2024. A 7% reduced tax rate for long-term holdings was passed in 2023 but repealed by the consolidation package before taking effect. Crypto gains are taxed at standard income tax rates of 19-25%. VASPs must be authorized by NBS under MiCA.

Tax Type Income
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 13-15%
Tax Rate 19-25%
Exchanges No No
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator CBR (Central Bank of Russia), Ministry of Finance
Regulator NBS (Národná banka Slovenska)
Stablecoin Rules Crypto payments banned; digital ruble CBDC introduced
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework
Key Points
  • Digital Financial Assets law (2021) recognizes crypto as property but bans use as payment
  • Crypto mining officially legalized and regulated under 2024 mining legislation
  • Crypto income taxed at 13% (up to RUB 5M) or 15% (above RUB 5M)
  • Domestic crypto exchanges not legally operating; P2P trading widespread. CBR framework Dec 2025 targeting July 2026.
  • International sanctions have increased interest in crypto for cross-border transfers
Key Points
  • 7% tax rate for long-term holdings was passed in 2023 but repealed before taking effect
  • Crypto gains taxed at 19% (income up to €47,537) or 25% (above threshold)
  • VASPs must register with NBS for AML/CFT compliance
  • MiCA framework applicable since 30 December 2024; NBS grants authorizations
  • MiCA framework applicable from December 2024
Sources
Sources