Romania vs Zimbabwe
Crypto regulation comparison
Romania
Zimbabwe
Legal
Restricted
Cryptocurrency is legal in Romania. Crypto gains are taxed at 10% as 'income from other sources' under the fiscal code. VASPs must register with the relevant authorities for AML compliance. Romania has a growing crypto community and is transitioning to the EU MiCA framework.
Zimbabwe has restricted cryptocurrency through its central bank. The RBZ banned financial institutions from processing crypto transactions in 2018. However, in a unique move, the RBZ issued gold-backed digital tokens (ZiG tokens) in 2023 as a store of value. Zimbabwe has a history of currency instability (hyperinflation, currency collapses) which drives informal crypto adoption for hedging and remittances.
Tax Type
Capital gains
Tax Type
None
Tax Rate
10%
Tax Rate
N/A
Exchanges
Yes
Exchanges
No
Mining
Yes
Mining
Yes
Regulator
ASF (Autoritatea de Supraveghere Financiară), BNR (National Bank of Romania)
Regulator
RBZ (Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe)
Stablecoin Rules
Regulated under EU MiCA framework
Stablecoin Rules
No private stablecoin regulation; RBZ introduced gold-backed ZiG digital token as state currency
Key Points
- Crypto gains taxed at 10% as 'income from other sources' under Article 114 Fiscal Code
- Annual gains up to RON 600 (~EUR 120) exempt from tax per Article 116 Fiscal Code
- VASPs must register for AML/CFT compliance
- ASF oversees financial market conduct; BNR handles monetary policy
- MiCA framework applicable from December 2024
Key Points
- RBZ banned banks and financial institutions from servicing crypto in 2018
- RBZ issued gold-backed digital tokens (ZiG) in 2023 as a CBDC-like instrument
- No licensing framework for crypto exchanges
- Informal crypto adoption driven by currency instability and remittance needs
- Crypto ownership itself is not explicitly criminalized for individuals