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Romania vs United States

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Romania | United States
Romania

Romania

United States

United States

Legal
Legal

Cryptocurrency is legal in Romania. Crypto gains are taxed at 10% as 'income from other sources' under the fiscal code. VASPs must register with the relevant authorities for AML compliance. Romania has a growing crypto community and is transitioning to the EU MiCA framework.

The United States has the world's most complex crypto regulatory landscape, with overlapping federal and state jurisdictions. The SEC regulates crypto securities and has pursued enforcement actions against exchanges and token issuers. The CFTC oversees crypto derivatives and considers Bitcoin a commodity. FinCEN applies BSA requirements to crypto exchanges as money service businesses. The IRS taxes crypto as property: short-term gains at income tax rates (10-37%), long-term gains at 0-20%. New 1099-DA broker reporting rules take effect from 2025. Multiple states have their own requirements, with New York's BitLicense being the most stringent.

Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 10%
Tax Rate 0-37%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator ASF (Autoritatea de Supraveghere Financiară), BNR (National Bank of Romania)
Regulator SEC, CFTC, FinCEN, OCC, IRS, State regulators
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework
Stablecoin Rules Stablecoin legislation actively being developed in Congress; existing oversight by SEC, CFTC, state regulators
Key Points
  • Crypto gains taxed at 10% as 'income from other sources' under Article 114 Fiscal Code
  • Annual gains up to RON 600 (~EUR 120) exempt from tax per Article 116 Fiscal Code
  • VASPs must register for AML/CFT compliance
  • ASF oversees financial market conduct; BNR handles monetary policy
  • MiCA framework applicable from December 2024
Key Points
  • SEC regulates crypto as securities under Howey test; major enforcement actions (Ripple, Coinbase, Binance)
  • CFTC classifies Bitcoin and Ether as commodities; oversees derivatives markets
  • IRS treats crypto as property: short-term gains taxed at 10-37%, long-term (1yr+) at 0-20%
  • FinCEN requires exchanges to register as MSBs and comply with BSA/AML requirements
  • 1099-DA broker reporting for centralized exchanges effective from tax year 2025
Sources
Sources