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Netherlands vs Vietnam

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Netherlands | Vietnam
Netherlands

Netherlands

Vietnam

Vietnam

Legal
Legal

The Netherlands has one of Europe's strictest crypto regulatory regimes. DNB has overseen VASP registration since 2020 under the Dutch AML/CFT Act (Wwft), and many applications have been rejected. The Netherlands does not tax realized capital gains directly; instead, crypto holdings are taxed under the Box 3 wealth tax based on a deemed return on net assets. The AFM oversees market conduct. MiCA is now the governing framework.

Vietnam passed the Law on Digital Technology Industry in June 2025 (effective January 2026), officially recognizing crypto as legal virtual assets. However, the SBV still bans crypto as a payment method. The law requires AML/cybersecurity compliance for all crypto activities. Vietnam consistently ranks among the top globally in crypto adoption. Ministry of Finance to issue detailed guidance before 2026.

Tax Type Wealth
Tax Type Income
Tax Rate ~1.2-1.6% (deemed return)
Tax Rate Up to 25% (corporate); individual unclear
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges No No
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator DNB (De Nederlandsche Bank), AFM (Autoriteit Financiële Markten)
Regulator SBV (State Bank of Vietnam), MOF (Ministry of Finance), MIC (Ministry of Information)
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework; DNB oversight
Stablecoin Rules Crypto recognized as virtual assets under Law on Digital Technology Industry; payment use still banned
Key Points
  • DNB requires VASP registration under the Wwft (AML Act); rigorous approval process
  • Only a limited number of VASPs have obtained DNB registration (many rejected or withdrawn)
  • Crypto taxed under Box 3 wealth tax: deemed return on net assets taxed at ~31-36% (effective ~1.2-1.6%)
  • AFM regulates crypto advertising and market conduct; banned crypto ads targeting retail in 2022
  • MiCA framework applicable from December 2024, transitioning from national DNB regime
Key Points
  • Law on Digital Technology Industry (June 2025) recognizes crypto as legal virtual assets
  • SBV still bans crypto as payment method; not recognized as legal tender
  • Vietnam ranks #1 globally in crypto adoption (Chainalysis 2023 index)
  • AML and cybersecurity compliance required for all crypto trading activities
  • Ministry of Finance to issue detailed crypto regulatory guidance before January 2026
Sources
Sources