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Netherlands vs Norway

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Netherlands | Norway
Netherlands

Netherlands

Norway

Norway

Legal
Legal

The Netherlands has one of Europe's strictest crypto regulatory regimes. DNB has overseen VASP registration since 2020 under the Dutch AML/CFT Act (Wwft), and many applications have been rejected. The Netherlands does not tax realized capital gains directly; instead, crypto holdings are taxed under the Box 3 wealth tax based on a deemed return on net assets. The AFM oversees market conduct. MiCA is now the governing framework.

Cryptocurrency is legal in Norway and regulated by Finanstilsynet. Norway taxes crypto capital gains at 22% and includes crypto holdings in the annual wealth tax calculation (net wealth above NOK 1.7M taxed at ~1.1%). VASPs must register with Finanstilsynet. Norway is an EEA member and aligning with MiCA through the EEA agreement.

Tax Type Wealth
Tax Type Wealth and capital gains
Tax Rate ~1.2-1.6% (deemed return)
Tax Rate 22% (gains) + 1.1% (wealth)
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator DNB (De Nederlandsche Bank), AFM (Autoriteit Financiële Markten)
Regulator Finanstilsynet (Financial Supervisory Authority)
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework; DNB oversight
Stablecoin Rules No specific stablecoin regulation; general financial rules apply
Key Points
  • DNB requires VASP registration under the Wwft (AML Act); rigorous approval process
  • Only a limited number of VASPs have obtained DNB registration (many rejected or withdrawn)
  • Crypto taxed under Box 3 wealth tax: deemed return on net assets taxed at ~31-36% (effective ~1.2-1.6%)
  • AFM regulates crypto advertising and market conduct; banned crypto ads targeting retail in 2022
  • MiCA framework applicable from December 2024, transitioning from national DNB regime
Key Points
  • Crypto capital gains taxed at 22% flat rate
  • Crypto included in wealth tax base (~1.1% on net wealth above threshold)
  • VASPs must register with Finanstilsynet and comply with AML/CFT requirements
  • Norway is a major crypto mining hub due to cheap hydroelectric power
  • EEA member; MiCA implementation expected through EEA Agreement adaptation
Sources
Sources