Namibia vs Turkmenistan
Crypto regulation comparison
Namibia
Turkmenistan
Legal
Legal
Namibia enacted the Virtual Assets Act (Act 10 of 2023) establishing a comprehensive licensing framework for VASPs. The Bank of Namibia is designated as regulator. Crypto is legal but not legal tender. No specific crypto tax framework yet.
Turkmenistan enacted the Law on Virtual Assets effective January 2026, legalizing crypto exchanges and mining under Central Bank licensing. Crypto is treated as property, not legal tender.
Tax Type
No framework
Tax Type
None
Tax Rate
N/A
Tax Rate
N/A
Exchanges
Yes
Exchanges
Yes
Mining
Yes
Mining
Yes
Regulator
Bank of Namibia
Regulator
Central Bank of Turkmenistan
Stablecoin Rules
Regulated under Virtual Assets Act
Stablecoin Rules
Regulated under Virtual Assets Law
Key Points
- Virtual Assets Act (Act 10 of 2023) signed into law July 2023
- VASPs must obtain licenses from Bank of Namibia to operate
- Provisional licenses granted to first two exchanges in 2025
- Non-compliance penalties up to NAD 10 million and 10 years imprisonment
- Crypto is not legal tender but merchants may accept at their discretion
Key Points
- Law on Virtual Assets enacted November 2025, effective January 2026
- Crypto exchanges and mining require Central Bank licensing
- Crypto treated as property, not legal tender
- Banks prohibited from directly providing crypto services
- Low electricity costs attract mining operations