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Mongolia vs Russia

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Mongolia | Russia
Mongolia

Mongolia

Russia

Russia

Legal
Partially Regulated

Mongolia adopted the Law on Virtual Asset Service Providers (VPSP) in December 2021, establishing a comprehensive regulatory framework. The Financial Regulatory Commission (FRC) registers and supervises crypto exchanges. Over 12 licensed exchanges serve 850,000+ customers. Crypto mining is legal and growing, with tax incentives for renewable energy use.

Russia's crypto regulation is complex and evolving. The 2021 'On Digital Financial Assets' law recognizes crypto as property but bans its use as a means of payment. Mining was legalized and regulated in 2024 under a new mining law. Crypto is taxed as income at 13-15%. The CBR pushed for a total ban on crypto trading but was overruled by the government, which favors regulation. International sanctions have complicated Russia's crypto landscape.

Tax Type Income
Tax Type Income
Tax Rate 10-25%
Tax Rate 13-15%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges No No
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator Financial Regulatory Commission (FRC) of Mongolia
Regulator CBR (Central Bank of Russia), Ministry of Finance
Stablecoin Rules No specific stablecoin regulation
Stablecoin Rules Crypto payments banned; digital ruble CBDC introduced
Key Points
  • Law on Virtual Asset Service Providers (VPSP) adopted December 2021
  • FRC registers and supervises crypto exchanges under VPSP law
  • Over 12 licensed exchanges serving 850,000+ customers
  • Crypto exchange income is taxable and exempt from VAT
  • Mongolia launched blockchain-based OTC securities trading in 2025
Key Points
  • Digital Financial Assets law (2021) recognizes crypto as property but bans use as payment
  • Crypto mining officially legalized and regulated under 2024 mining legislation
  • Crypto income taxed at 13% (up to RUB 5M) or 15% (above RUB 5M)
  • Domestic crypto exchanges not legally operating; P2P trading widespread. CBR framework Dec 2025 targeting July 2026.
  • International sanctions have increased interest in crypto for cross-border transfers
Sources
Sources