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Japan vs Nicaragua

Crypto regulation comparison

Japan

Japan

Nicaragua

Nicaragua

Legal
Legal

Japan is one of the world's most comprehensively regulated crypto markets. The Payment Services Act and Financial Instruments and Exchange Act govern crypto exchanges and tokens. Japan classifies crypto as "crypto-assets" and taxes gains as miscellaneous income at rates up to 55%, though reforms to lower this rate are under active discussion.

Nicaragua regulates virtual assets under Law 1072 (2021) and BCN resolution CD-BCN-XXV-1-22 (2022). VASPs must be licensed by BCN. Crypto gains taxed at 15% capital gains rate.

Tax Type Income
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 15-55%
Tax Rate 15%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator FSA (Financial Services Agency), JVCEA
Regulator Banco Central de Nicaragua (BCN)
Stablecoin Rules 2022 stablecoin law requires issuers to be licensed banks, trust companies, or fund transfer agents
Stablecoin Rules No stablecoin regulation
Key Points
  • Crypto exchanges must register with the FSA under the Payment Services Act
  • Crypto gains taxed as miscellaneous income at up to 55% (national + local tax)
  • Japan's self-regulatory body JVCEA sets industry standards for exchanges
  • 2022 stablecoin legislation (revised Payment Services Act) regulates stablecoin issuance
  • Government considering tax reform to apply a flat 20% separate taxation on crypto gains
Key Points
  • Law 1072 (2021) defines virtual assets and regulates VASPs
  • BCN is designated as the licensing and supervisory authority
  • Banks are legally permitted to offer virtual asset services
  • Capital gains taxed at 15% on crypto profits
  • Government monitors virtual transactions exceeding ,000 since 2025