Indonesia vs Liechtenstein
Crypto regulation comparison
Indonesia
Liechtenstein
Legal
Legal
Cryptocurrency is legal in Indonesia and classified as a commodity (not currency). Bappebti regulated crypto since 2019, but authority transitioned to OJK (Financial Services Authority) in January 2025. Under PMK 50/2025 (effective August 2025), crypto transactions incur a 0.21% final income tax via domestic exchanges (1% via foreign platforms). VAT on crypto transfers was abolished as crypto was reclassified as digital financial assets.
Liechtenstein's Blockchain Act (TVTG) effective since 2020 is among the world's most comprehensive crypto frameworks. The FMA supervises registered TT service providers. Adapted for EU MiCAR in 2025.
Tax Type
Varies
Tax Type
Income
Tax Rate
0.21% (domestic exchange) / 1% (foreign platform)
Tax Rate
1-8%
Exchanges
Yes
Exchanges
Yes
Mining
Yes
Mining
Yes
Regulator
OJK (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan) since January 2025
Regulator
Financial Market Authority (FMA)
Stablecoin Rules
Crypto traded as commodities; stablecoin-specific rules under development with OJK transition
Stablecoin Rules
Regulated under TVTG and MiCAR
Key Points
- Crypto regulated by OJK since January 2025, transitioned from Bappebti
- 0.21% final income tax on (PPh Art. 22) crypto transaction value for sales per PMK 50/2025
- VAT abolished under PMK 50/2025; reclassified as digital financial assets
- Only crypto assets approved and listed by Bappebti can be traded on licensed exchanges
- Indonesia launched a national crypto exchange (Bursa Kripto Indonesia) in 2023
Key Points
- Blockchain Act (TVTG) adopted unanimously in 2019, effective Jan 2020
- Token Container Model enables tokenization of any asset or right
- FMA registers and supervises all TT service providers
- EEA MiCAR Implementation Act entered into force Feb 2025
- First country with comprehensive blockchain-specific legislation