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Ethiopia vs Kazakhstan

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Ethiopia | Kazakhstan
Ethiopia

Ethiopia

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Restricted
Legal

Ethiopia's Proclamation No. 1359/2024 explicitly prohibits cryptocurrency for payment transactions but allows the NBE to issue future guidelines on digital assets. Crypto mining is legal and actively growing, with Ethiopia emerging as a major Bitcoin mining destination leveraging hydroelectric power. A comprehensive regulatory framework is under development.

Kazakhstan has a dual approach to crypto regulation. The Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC) operates as a regulated sandbox where licensed crypto exchanges can operate under AFSA supervision. Outside the AIFC, crypto regulation is more restrictive. Kazakhstan became a major mining hub after China's ban but has since tightened mining regulations.

Tax Type None
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate N/A
Tax Rate 10%
Exchanges No No
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator National Bank of Ethiopia
Regulator AFSA (Astana Financial Services Authority), NBK (National Bank of Kazakhstan)
Stablecoin Rules No stablecoin regulation
Stablecoin Rules AIFC (Astana International Financial Centre) has its own framework for digital assets including stablecoins
Key Points
  • Proclamation No. 1359/2024 prohibits cryptocurrency for payment transactions
  • NBE authorized to issue future directives on crypto assets and CBDCs
  • Crypto mining is legal and rapidly expanding, leveraging hydroelectric power
  • Ethiopia has become one of the fastest-growing Bitcoin mining destinations globally
  • Comprehensive digital asset regulatory framework under development
Key Points
  • AIFC provides a regulatory sandbox for licensed crypto exchanges and businesses
  • Mining is legal and licensed, with a specific tax on electricity consumption for miners
  • Kazakhstan became the world's second-largest Bitcoin mining country after China's 2021 ban
  • 2022 mining crackdown introduced stricter licensing and energy consumption taxes
  • Outside AIFC, domestic crypto payments and exchanges face greater restrictions
Sources
Sources