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Denmark vs Netherlands

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Denmark | Netherlands
Denmark

Denmark

Netherlands

Netherlands

Legal
Legal

Cryptocurrency is legal in Denmark and regulated under EU frameworks including MiCA. Denmark has notably high tax rates on crypto gains, treated as personal income and taxed at rates up to 52%. The Danish Tax Council confirmed in 2018 that gains and losses on Bitcoin are taxable.

The Netherlands has one of Europe's strictest crypto regulatory regimes. DNB has overseen VASP registration since 2020 under the Dutch AML/CFT Act (Wwft), and many applications have been rejected. The Netherlands does not tax realized capital gains directly; instead, crypto holdings are taxed under the Box 3 wealth tax based on a deemed return on net assets. The AFM oversees market conduct. MiCA is now the governing framework.

Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Type Wealth
Tax Rate 37-52%
Tax Rate ~1.2-1.6% (deemed return)
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator Finanstilsynet (Danish FSA), Skattestyrelsen
Regulator DNB (De Nederlandsche Bank), AFM (Autoriteit Financiële Markten)
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework (Denmark is EU member but outside eurozone)
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework; DNB oversight
Key Points
  • Crypto gains taxed as personal income at 37-52% (among the highest in the world)
  • Losses on crypto can be deducted against gains
  • Finanstilsynet supervises crypto businesses under the Danish AML Act
  • Denmark does not have its own crypto-specific legislation beyond EU frameworks
  • Skattestyrelsen (tax authority) actively monitors crypto transactions and issues guidance
Key Points
  • DNB requires VASP registration under the Wwft (AML Act); rigorous approval process
  • Only a limited number of VASPs have obtained DNB registration (many rejected or withdrawn)
  • Crypto taxed under Box 3 wealth tax: deemed return on net assets taxed at ~31-36% (effective ~1.2-1.6%)
  • AFM regulates crypto advertising and market conduct; banned crypto ads targeting retail in 2022
  • MiCA framework applicable from December 2024, transitioning from national DNB regime
Sources
Sources