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Canada vs Japan

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Canada | Japan
Canada

Canada

Japan

Japan

Legal
Legal

Canada has a well-developed regulatory framework for cryptocurrency. Crypto trading platforms must register with provincial securities regulators through the CSA, and all crypto businesses must register as money services businesses (MSBs) with FINTRAC. Canada approved spot Bitcoin ETFs in 2021, ahead of most other countries.

Japan is one of the world's most comprehensively regulated crypto markets. The Payment Services Act and Financial Instruments and Exchange Act govern crypto exchanges and tokens. Japan classifies crypto as "crypto-assets" and taxes gains as miscellaneous income at rates up to 55%, though reforms to lower this rate are under active discussion.

Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Type Income
Tax Rate 0-26.76%
Tax Rate 15-55%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator CSA, FINTRAC, OSC, AMF
Regulator FSA (Financial Services Agency), JVCEA
Stablecoin Rules CSA guidance requires stablecoins to maintain adequate reserves; value-referenced crypto assets regulated
Stablecoin Rules 2022 stablecoin law requires issuers to be licensed banks, trust companies, or fund transfer agents
Key Points
  • Crypto trading platforms must register with CSA provincial regulators
  • All crypto dealers must register as MSBs with FINTRAC for AML/KYC compliance
  • 50% of capital gains are taxable; business income from crypto is fully taxable
  • Canada approved spot Bitcoin and Ether ETFs in 2021, the first major country to do so
  • CSA issued Staff Notice 21-327 on obligations for crypto trading platforms
Key Points
  • Crypto exchanges must register with the FSA under the Payment Services Act
  • Crypto gains taxed as miscellaneous income at up to 55% (national + local tax)
  • Japan's self-regulatory body JVCEA sets industry standards for exchanges
  • 2022 stablecoin legislation (revised Payment Services Act) regulates stablecoin issuance
  • Government considering tax reform to apply a flat 20% separate taxation on crypto gains
Sources
Sources