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Belgium vs Japan

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Belgium | Japan
Belgium

Belgium

Japan

Japan

Legal
Legal

Cryptocurrency is legal in Belgium and regulated under the EU's MiCA framework. Tax treatment depends on whether gains are considered normal management of private assets (tax-free), speculative (33% misc income), or professional income (progressive rates). The FSMA has banned distribution of crypto derivatives to consumers.

Japan is one of the world's most comprehensively regulated crypto markets. The Payment Services Act and Financial Instruments and Exchange Act govern crypto exchanges and tokens. Japan classifies crypto as "crypto-assets" and taxes gains as miscellaneous income at rates up to 55%, though reforms to lower this rate are under active discussion.

Tax Type Varies
Tax Type Income
Tax Rate 0-33%
Tax Rate 15-55%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator FSMA (Financial Services and Markets Authority)
Regulator FSA (Financial Services Agency), JVCEA
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework
Stablecoin Rules 2022 stablecoin law requires issuers to be licensed banks, trust companies, or fund transfer agents
Key Points
  • Tax treatment depends on classification: normal portfolio management (0%), speculation (33%), or professional (up to 50%)
  • FSMA banned advertising of crypto derivatives and certain crypto products to consumers in 2022
  • VASPs must register with FSMA and comply with AML/KYC requirements
  • MiCA regulation fully applicable from December 2024
  • Belgium has a relatively active crypto community and blockchain ecosystem
Key Points
  • Crypto exchanges must register with the FSA under the Payment Services Act
  • Crypto gains taxed as miscellaneous income at up to 55% (national + local tax)
  • Japan's self-regulatory body JVCEA sets industry standards for exchanges
  • 2022 stablecoin legislation (revised Payment Services Act) regulates stablecoin issuance
  • Government considering tax reform to apply a flat 20% separate taxation on crypto gains
Sources
Sources