Albania vs Japan
Crypto regulation comparison
Albania
Japan
Albania adopted Law No. 66/2020 on Financial Markets Based on Distributed Ledger Technology, establishing a comprehensive licensing framework for crypto activities. The AMF and AKSHI jointly supervise. A 2022 licensing regime allows five types of DLT licenses. Crypto profits taxed at 15% capital gains; mining income taxed at 0-23%.
Japan is one of the world's most comprehensively regulated crypto markets. The Payment Services Act and Financial Instruments and Exchange Act govern crypto exchanges and tokens. Japan classifies crypto as "crypto-assets" and taxes gains as miscellaneous income at rates up to 55%, though reforms to lower this rate are under active discussion.
Key Points
- Law on Financial Markets Based on DLT adopted in 2020
- Five types of DLT licenses: exchange, agent, custody, collective investment, innovative service
- Crypto profits taxed at 15% capital gains; mining at 0-23% income rates
- AML/KYC requirements apply to crypto service providers
- Albania remains on FATF grey list for AML/CFT monitoring
Key Points
- Crypto exchanges must register with the FSA under the Payment Services Act
- Crypto gains taxed as miscellaneous income at up to 55% (national + local tax)
- Japan's self-regulatory body JVCEA sets industry standards for exchanges
- 2022 stablecoin legislation (revised Payment Services Act) regulates stablecoin issuance
- Government considering tax reform to apply a flat 20% separate taxation on crypto gains
Sources
- NTA - Crypto Assets Tax Pamphlet
- FSA - Registered Crypto-Asset Exchanges
- FSA - Regulating Crypto Assets in Japan
- NTA - Tax Answer No. 1524 (暗号資産)
- NTA - Income Tax Guide 2025 (English PDF)
- Japanese Law Translation - Payment Services Act
- FSA - Discussion Paper on Cryptoasset Regulatory Systems
- FSA - Registered Electronic Payment Instrument Exchanges