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Kazakhstan vs Venezuela

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Kazakhstan | Venezuela
Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Venezuela

Venezuela

Legal
Legal

Kazakhstan has a dual approach to crypto regulation. The Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC) operates as a regulated sandbox where licensed crypto exchanges can operate under AFSA supervision. Outside the AIFC, crypto regulation is more restrictive. Kazakhstan became a major mining hub after China's ban but has since tightened mining regulations.

Venezuela has a unique crypto history. The government launched the Petro (PTR) state cryptocurrency in 2018, backed by oil reserves, though it was widely considered a failure and discontinued. SUNACRIP regulates crypto activities and has licensed mining operations. Venezuelans have high crypto adoption due to hyperinflation, with USDT widely used as a de facto currency. Crypto mining requires a SUNACRIP license.

Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Type Income
Tax Rate 10%
Tax Rate Up to 34%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator AFSA (Astana Financial Services Authority), NBK (National Bank of Kazakhstan)
Regulator SUNACRIP (Superintendencia Nacional de Criptoactivos)
Stablecoin Rules AIFC (Astana International Financial Centre) has its own framework for digital assets including stablecoins
Stablecoin Rules Government launched Petro (PTR) state crypto (discontinued); SUNACRIP regulated stablecoins
Key Points
  • AIFC provides a regulatory sandbox for licensed crypto exchanges and businesses
  • Mining is legal and licensed, with a specific tax on electricity consumption for miners
  • Kazakhstan became the world's second-largest Bitcoin mining country after China's 2021 ban
  • 2022 mining crackdown introduced stricter licensing and energy consumption taxes
  • Outside AIFC, domestic crypto payments and exchanges face greater restrictions
Key Points
  • SUNACRIP regulates crypto exchanges, mining, and service providers
  • Government-backed Petro cryptocurrency launched in 2018, largely discontinued
  • Crypto mining requires SUNACRIP license and registration
  • Very high crypto adoption driven by hyperinflation; USDT widely used
  • Income from crypto subject to progressive tax rates up to 34%
Sources
Sources