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Switzerland vs Romania

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Switzerland | Romania
Switzerland

Switzerland

Romania

Romania

Legal
Legal

Switzerland is one of the world's most crypto-friendly jurisdictions. The Canton of Zug is known as 'Crypto Valley' and hosts the Ethereum Foundation and hundreds of blockchain companies. FINMA provides clear regulatory guidance, and the DLT Act (2021) created a legal framework for tokenized securities and crypto exchanges. Individual investors pay no capital gains tax on crypto, though it is included in the cantonal wealth tax base. Professional traders may be subject to income tax.

Cryptocurrency is legal in Romania. Crypto gains are taxed at 10% as 'income from other sources' under the fiscal code. VASPs must register with the relevant authorities for AML compliance. Romania has a growing crypto community and is transitioning to the EU MiCA framework.

Tax Type Wealth
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 0% capital gains (individuals); wealth tax varies by canton
Tax Rate 10%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator FINMA (Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority)
Regulator ASF (Autoritatea de Supraveghere Financiară), BNR (National Bank of Romania)
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under FINMA framework; fiat-pegged stablecoin issuers must hold a banking or fintech licence (reserves treated as public deposits), or a payment system licence under FMIA if structured as financial market infrastructure
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework
Key Points
  • No capital gains tax on crypto for individual investors (private wealth management)
  • Crypto included in cantonal wealth tax base (rates vary by canton, typically 0.1-1%)
  • Professional/frequent traders may be classified as self-employed and taxed on income
  • FINMA regulates crypto under existing financial market laws and the 2021 DLT Act
  • DLT Act (2021) introduced DLT trading facility license and legal framework for tokenized assets
Key Points
  • Crypto gains taxed at 10% as 'income from other sources' under Article 114 Fiscal Code
  • Annual gains up to RON 600 (~EUR 120) exempt from tax per Article 116 Fiscal Code
  • VASPs must register for AML/CFT compliance
  • ASF oversees financial market conduct; BNR handles monetary policy
  • MiCA framework applicable from December 2024
Sources
Sources