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Iran vs Kazakhstan

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Iran | Kazakhstan
Iran

Iran

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Restricted
Legal

Iran has a complex stance on cryptocurrency. Crypto mining is legal and licensed by the Ministry of Industry, but using crypto for domestic payments is banned by the CBI. The government has explored using crypto for international trade to circumvent sanctions. Mining operations are periodically shut down during energy shortages.

Kazakhstan has a dual approach to crypto regulation. The Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC) operates as a regulated sandbox where licensed crypto exchanges can operate under AFSA supervision. Outside the AIFC, crypto regulation is more restrictive. Kazakhstan became a major mining hub after China's ban but has since tightened mining regulations.

Tax Type Unclear
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate N/A
Tax Rate 10%
Exchanges No No
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator CBI (Central Bank of Iran), Ministry of Industry
Regulator AFSA (Astana Financial Services Authority), NBK (National Bank of Kazakhstan)
Stablecoin Rules Not applicable; crypto payments and trading domestically restricted
Stablecoin Rules AIFC (Astana International Financial Centre) has its own framework for digital assets including stablecoins
Key Points
  • Crypto mining is legal and licensed by the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade
  • CBI bans using crypto as a domestic payment method
  • Licensed miners must sell mined crypto to the CBI or authorized exporters
  • Government has explored crypto for sanctions evasion in international trade
  • Mining farms periodically shut down during summer/winter energy demand peaks
Key Points
  • AIFC provides a regulatory sandbox for licensed crypto exchanges and businesses
  • Mining is legal and licensed, with a specific tax on electricity consumption for miners
  • Kazakhstan became the world's second-largest Bitcoin mining country after China's 2021 ban
  • 2022 mining crackdown introduced stricter licensing and energy consumption taxes
  • Outside AIFC, domestic crypto payments and exchanges face greater restrictions
Sources
Sources