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United Kingdom vs North Macedonia

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | United Kingdom | North Macedonia
United Kingdom

United Kingdom

North Macedonia

North Macedonia

Legal
Legal

The UK has an evolving and increasingly comprehensive crypto regulatory framework. The FCA registers crypto firms for AML/CFT compliance and has imposed strict financial promotion rules requiring risk warnings and banning incentives. HMRC treats crypto as property subject to Capital Gains Tax (10% basic rate, 20% higher rate, with £3,000 annual exemption from 2024/25). The Financial Services and Markets Act 2023 brought crypto assets into the UK regulatory perimeter, and HM Treasury is developing rules for a full crypto regime including exchange licensing, stablecoin regulation, and a potential UK CBDC ('Britcoin').

North Macedonia has no dedicated cryptocurrency legislation. Crypto is not prohibited and operates in a regulatory gray area. The general flat 10% income tax rate may apply to crypto profits. The government is working toward EU MiCA alignment and plans to license crypto exchanges by 2025-2026.

Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Type Income
Tax Rate 18-24%
Tax Rate 10%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator FCA (Financial Conduct Authority), HMRC, Bank of England
Regulator National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia
Stablecoin Rules Stablecoin regulation under Financial Services and Markets Act 2023; fiat-backed stablecoins to be regulated by FCA
Stablecoin Rules No specific stablecoin regulation
Key Points
  • FCA AML registration required for all crypto firms operating in the UK
  • Capital Gains Tax: 10% (basic rate) or 20% (higher rate); £3,000 annual exempt amount (2024/25)
  • Financial promotions regime (2023): strict rules on crypto advertising, risk warnings mandatory
  • Financial Services and Markets Act 2023 brings crypto into regulatory perimeter
  • HM Treasury developing comprehensive crypto regulatory regime (exchange licensing, conduct rules)
Key Points
  • No dedicated cryptocurrency legislation
  • Central bank has acknowledged crypto without banning it
  • General flat 10% personal income tax rate may apply to crypto profits
  • Government working toward licensing crypto exchanges by 2025-2026
  • Working toward EU candidacy and alignment with MiCA regulation
Sources
Sources