Luxembourg vs Montenegro
Crypto regulation comparison
Luxembourg
Montenegro
Legal
Legal
Luxembourg is a major European hub for crypto and blockchain financial services. The CSSF regulates VASPs and crypto-related investment funds. Crypto held for more than 6 months is generally exempt from capital gains tax for individuals, making it attractive for long-term holders. Luxembourg hosts several prominent crypto exchanges and fund administrators.
Montenegro has no specific crypto law but crypto is not prohibited. Working toward EU candidacy and potential MiCA alignment. Capital gains taxed under general provisions.
Tax Type
Capital gains
Tax Type
Capital gains
Tax Rate
0-42%
Tax Rate
9-15%
Exchanges
Yes
Exchanges
Yes
Mining
Yes
Mining
Yes
Regulator
CSSF (Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier)
Regulator
Central Bank of Montenegro, Capital Market Authority
Stablecoin Rules
Regulated under EU MiCA framework; Luxembourg hosts major stablecoin issuers
Stablecoin Rules
No specific stablecoin regulation
Key Points
- CSSF oversees VASPs under the Luxembourg AML/CFT framework
- Individuals holding crypto for 6+ months are generally exempt from capital gains tax
- Short-term gains taxed at progressive income tax rates up to 42%
- Major hub for crypto investment funds and blockchain companies
- MiCA framework fully applicable from December 2024
Key Points
- No specific cryptocurrency legislation but crypto is legal
- Working toward EU candidacy and MiCA alignment
- Capital gains on crypto taxed at 9-15%
- Central Bank has acknowledged crypto without banning it
- Growing interest in crypto-friendly policies