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Kazakhstan vs Slovenia

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Kazakhstan | Slovenia
Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Slovenia

Slovenia

Legal
Legal

Kazakhstan has a dual approach to crypto regulation. The Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC) operates as a regulated sandbox where licensed crypto exchanges can operate under AFSA supervision. Outside the AIFC, crypto regulation is more restrictive. Kazakhstan became a major mining hub after China's ban but has since tightened mining regulations.

Slovenia proposed a 25% tax on crypto capital gains effective January 2026, but the law was pulled from the December 2025 legislative session and has not been enacted. Currently, individual crypto trading gains remain untaxed. Slovenia has been crypto-friendly, with Ljubljana hosting Bitcoin City and a strong blockchain community. VASPs must register for AML compliance. MiCA applies from December 2024.

Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 10%
Tax Rate 25% (proposed, not yet enacted)
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator AFSA (Astana Financial Services Authority), NBK (National Bank of Kazakhstan)
Regulator ATVP (Securities Market Agency), Bank of Slovenia
Stablecoin Rules AIFC (Astana International Financial Centre) has its own framework for digital assets including stablecoins
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under EU MiCA framework
Key Points
  • AIFC provides a regulatory sandbox for licensed crypto exchanges and businesses
  • Mining is legal and licensed, with a specific tax on electricity consumption for miners
  • Kazakhstan became the world's second-largest Bitcoin mining country after China's 2021 ban
  • 2022 mining crackdown introduced stricter licensing and energy consumption taxes
  • Outside AIFC, domestic crypto payments and exchanges face greater restrictions
Key Points
  • 25% crypto capital gains tax proposed but not yet enacted; pulled from Dec 2025 legislative session
  • Individual crypto trading gains currently untaxed pending new legislation
  • VASPs must register for AML/CFT compliance with relevant authorities
  • Ljubljana hosts 'Bitcoin City' — a commercial district accepting crypto payments
  • MiCA framework applicable from December 2024
Sources
Sources