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Japan vs Uruguay

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Japan | Uruguay
Japan

Japan

Uruguay

Uruguay

Legal
Legal

Japan is one of the world's most comprehensively regulated crypto markets. The Payment Services Act and Financial Instruments and Exchange Act govern crypto exchanges and tokens. Japan classifies crypto as "crypto-assets" and taxes gains as miscellaneous income at rates up to 55%, though reforms to lower this rate are under active discussion.

Uruguay has a generally favorable stance toward cryptocurrency. The BCU has not banned crypto and in 2024 introduced regulations for virtual asset service providers. Crypto income may be taxed at 12% under the IRPF (personal income tax) as capital income. Uruguay has a stable economy and is positioning itself as a fintech hub in Latin America.

Tax Type Income
Tax Type Income
Tax Rate 15-55%
Tax Rate 12%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator FSA (Financial Services Agency), JVCEA
Regulator BCU (Banco Central del Uruguay)
Stablecoin Rules 2022 stablecoin law requires issuers to be licensed banks, trust companies, or fund transfer agents
Stablecoin Rules No specific stablecoin regulation
Key Points
  • Crypto exchanges must register with the FSA under the Payment Services Act
  • Crypto gains taxed as miscellaneous income at up to 55% (national + local tax)
  • Japan's self-regulatory body JVCEA sets industry standards for exchanges
  • 2022 stablecoin legislation (revised Payment Services Act) regulates stablecoin issuance
  • Government considering tax reform to apply a flat 20% separate taxation on crypto gains
Key Points
  • BCU introduced VASP regulations in 2024
  • Crypto income taxed at 12% as capital income under IRPF
  • Crypto not classified as legal tender; peso remains the national currency
  • Uruguay has a relatively stable economy and favorable fintech environment
  • AML/KYC requirements apply to registered VASPs
Sources
Sources