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Andorra vs Japan

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Andorra | Japan
Andorra

Andorra

Japan

Japan

Legal
Legal

Andorra enacted the Digital Assets Act (Law 24/2022) providing a comprehensive framework for crypto. The AFA licenses exchanges, custodians, and stablecoin issuers. Aligning with EU MiCA.

Japan is one of the world's most comprehensively regulated crypto markets. The Payment Services Act and Financial Instruments and Exchange Act govern crypto exchanges and tokens. Japan classifies crypto as "crypto-assets" and taxes gains as miscellaneous income at rates up to 55%, though reforms to lower this rate are under active discussion.

Tax Type Unclear
Tax Type Income
Tax Rate N/A
Tax Rate 15-55%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator Andorran Financial Authority (AFA)
Regulator FSA (Financial Services Agency), JVCEA
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under Digital Assets Act with specific stablecoin licenses
Stablecoin Rules 2022 stablecoin law requires issuers to be licensed banks, trust companies, or fund transfer agents
Key Points
  • Digital Assets Act (Law 24/2022) effective Oct 2022
  • AFA licenses and regulates all digital asset service providers
  • Three categories of stablecoins with specific licensing requirements
  • Low electricity costs make mining attractive
  • Aligning regulations with EU MiCA framework
Key Points
  • Crypto exchanges must register with the FSA under the Payment Services Act
  • Crypto gains taxed as miscellaneous income at up to 55% (national + local tax)
  • Japan's self-regulatory body JVCEA sets industry standards for exchanges
  • 2022 stablecoin legislation (revised Payment Services Act) regulates stablecoin issuance
  • Government considering tax reform to apply a flat 20% separate taxation on crypto gains
Sources
Sources