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Russia vs Turkey

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Russia | Turkey
Russia

Russia

Turkey

Turkey

Partially Regulated
Legal

Russia's crypto regulation is complex and evolving. The 2021 'On Digital Financial Assets' law recognizes crypto as property but bans its use as a means of payment. Mining was legalized and regulated in 2024 under a new mining law. Crypto is taxed as income at 13-15%. The CBR pushed for a total ban on crypto trading but was overruled by the government, which favors regulation. International sanctions have complicated Russia's crypto landscape.

Turkey has one of the highest crypto adoption rates globally, driven by lira depreciation and high inflation. While crypto ownership is legal, the CBRT banned crypto payments in April 2021. In 2024, Turkey passed comprehensive crypto legislation under the Capital Markets Law amendment, giving the CMB authority to license and regulate crypto asset service providers. No crypto-specific tax exists yet, though legislation is under consideration. MASAK (Financial Crimes Investigation Board) oversees AML compliance.

Tax Type Income
Tax Type None
Tax Rate 13-15%
Tax Rate 0% (legislation pending)
Exchanges No No
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator CBR (Central Bank of Russia), Ministry of Finance
Regulator CMB (Capital Markets Board), CBRT (Central Bank), MASAK
Stablecoin Rules Crypto payments banned; digital ruble CBDC introduced
Stablecoin Rules Under development; CBRT banned crypto for payments
Key Points
  • Digital Financial Assets law (2021) recognizes crypto as property but bans use as payment
  • Crypto mining officially legalized and regulated under 2024 mining legislation
  • Crypto income taxed at 13% (up to RUB 5M) or 15% (above RUB 5M)
  • Domestic crypto exchanges not legally operating; P2P trading widespread. CBR framework Dec 2025 targeting July 2026.
  • International sanctions have increased interest in crypto for cross-border transfers
Key Points
  • 2024 Capital Markets Law amendment gives CMB authority to license crypto platforms
  • CBRT banned the use of crypto assets for payments in April 2021
  • No crypto-specific tax currently; capital gains tax legislation under discussion
  • MASAK enforces AML/KYC requirements on crypto platforms
  • Turkey ranks among top 5 globally for crypto adoption (driven by lira depreciation)
Sources
Sources