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Malta vs Nigeria

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Malta | Nigeria
Malta

Malta

Nigeria

Nigeria

Legal
Legal

Malta positioned itself as the 'Blockchain Island' with the 2018 Virtual Financial Assets (VFA) Act, one of the world's first comprehensive crypto regulatory frameworks. The MFSA licenses VFA service providers and oversees ICOs. Long-term crypto holdings are generally not subject to capital gains tax for individuals, while trading profits may be taxed as income.

Nigeria has the highest crypto adoption rate in Africa and among the highest globally. After the CBN banned banks from servicing crypto exchanges in 2021 (driving activity to P2P), the ban was lifted in December 2023. The SEC Nigeria now regulates digital asset exchanges and issuances under its Accelerated Regulatory Incubation Programme (ARIP). Nigeria's progressive rates up to 25% applies to crypto disposals.

Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 0-35%
Tax Rate Progressive: up to 25% (individuals) / 30% (companies)
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator MFSA (Malta Financial Services Authority)
Regulator SEC Nigeria, CBN (Central Bank of Nigeria)
Stablecoin Rules Regulated under MFSA VFA framework and EU MiCA
Stablecoin Rules Stablecoins subject to SEC digital asset rules
Key Points
  • Virtual Financial Assets Act (2018) provides a comprehensive licensing framework
  • MFSA licenses VFA exchanges, brokers, custodians, and portfolio managers
  • Long-term crypto holdings generally not subject to capital gains tax for individuals
  • Day trading profits may be taxed as business income at progressive rates up to 35%
  • Transitioning to EU MiCA framework from December 2024
Key Points
  • CBN lifted the 2021 banking ban on crypto in December 2023
  • SEC Nigeria oversees VASPs under the Investments and Securities Act and ARIP
  • Progressive rates up to 25% applies to profits from crypto asset disposals according to Nigeria Tax Act 2025 (eff. Jan 2026)
  • Nigeria ranks among the top 5 globally for crypto adoption (Chainalysis index)
  • P2P trading dominates the market; Binance and other platforms face regulatory scrutiny
Sources
Sources