BTC $67,593.00 (-1.04%)
ETH $1,952.01 (-1.71%)
XRP $1.39 (-3.48%)
BNB $612.98 (-2.04%)
SOL $83.51 (-3.09%)
TRX $0.29 (+0.75%)
DOGE $0.10 (-3.69%)
BCH $573.41 (+1.52%)
ADA $0.27 (-3.44%)
LEO $8.17 (-5.01%)
HYPE $29.03 (-2.64%)
LINK $8.69 (-2.39%)
CC $0.16 (-0.88%)
XMR $322.34 (-1.39%)
XLM $0.15 (-4.32%)
RAIN $0.01 (+2.23%)
HBAR $0.10 (-2.60%)
LTC $53.54 (-3.45%)
ZEC $245.38 (-5.54%)
AVAX $8.87 (-3.82%)

Kazakhstan vs Serbia

Crypto regulation comparison

← Back to map | Kazakhstan | Serbia
Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Serbia

Serbia

Legal
Legal

Kazakhstan has a dual approach to crypto regulation. The Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC) operates as a regulated sandbox where licensed crypto exchanges can operate under AFSA supervision. Outside the AIFC, crypto regulation is more restrictive. Kazakhstan became a major mining hub after China's ban but has since tightened mining regulations.

Serbia's Law on Digital Assets, enacted in December 2020 and effective June 2021, created one of the first comprehensive crypto regulatory frameworks in the Western Balkans. The NBS oversees virtual currencies while the Securities Commission handles digital tokens. Service providers must obtain licenses and comply with AML/KYC requirements. Capital gains taxed at 15%.

Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Type Capital gains
Tax Rate 10%
Tax Rate 15%
Exchanges Yes Yes
Exchanges Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Mining Yes Yes
Regulator AFSA (Astana Financial Services Authority), NBK (National Bank of Kazakhstan)
Regulator National Bank of Serbia (NBS), Securities Commission
Stablecoin Rules AIFC (Astana International Financial Centre) has its own framework for digital assets including stablecoins
Stablecoin Rules No specific stablecoin regulation
Key Points
  • AIFC provides a regulatory sandbox for licensed crypto exchanges and businesses
  • Mining is legal and licensed, with a specific tax on electricity consumption for miners
  • Kazakhstan became the world's second-largest Bitcoin mining country after China's 2021 ban
  • 2022 mining crackdown introduced stricter licensing and energy consumption taxes
  • Outside AIFC, domestic crypto payments and exchanges face greater restrictions
Key Points
  • Law on Digital Assets enacted December 2020, effective June 2021
  • NBS regulates virtual currencies; Securities Commission regulates digital tokens
  • Capital gains on crypto taxed at 15%
  • Service providers must obtain licenses and maintain physical offices in Serbia
  • Transfer/conversion of digital assets exempt from VAT
Sources
Sources