Brazil vs Namibia
Crypto regulation comparison
Brazil
Namibia
Legal
Legal
Brazil passed comprehensive crypto legislation (Law 14,478) in December 2022, which took effect in June 2023. The Banco Central do Brasil was designated as the primary regulator for crypto assets used as payment, while the CVM oversees crypto securities. Capital gains on crypto are taxed at 15-22.5%.
Namibia enacted the Virtual Assets Act (Act 10 of 2023) establishing a comprehensive licensing framework for VASPs. The Bank of Namibia is designated as regulator. Crypto is legal but not legal tender. No specific crypto tax framework yet.
Tax Type
Capital gains
Tax Type
No framework
Tax Rate
15-22.5%
Tax Rate
N/A
Exchanges
Yes
Exchanges
Yes
Mining
Yes
Mining
Yes
Regulator
Banco Central do Brasil, CVM, Receita Federal
Regulator
Bank of Namibia
Stablecoin Rules
Central Bank developing stablecoin-specific rules as part of the crypto regulatory framework
Stablecoin Rules
Regulated under Virtual Assets Act
Key Points
- Law 14,478/2022 (Marco Legal das Criptomoedas) provides a comprehensive legal framework
- Banco Central regulates VASPs; exchanges must obtain authorization to operate
- Capital gains taxed at 15% (up to R$5M), 17.5% (R$5-10M), 20% (R$10-30M), 22.5% (above R$30M)
- Monthly gains under R$35,000 from sales on domestic exchanges are exempt
- Receita Federal requires detailed monthly reporting of crypto transactions via IN1888
Key Points
- Virtual Assets Act (Act 10 of 2023) signed into law July 2023
- VASPs must obtain licenses from Bank of Namibia to operate
- Provisional licenses granted to first two exchanges in 2025
- Non-compliance penalties up to NAD 10 million and 10 years imprisonment
- Crypto is not legal tender but merchants may accept at their discretion
