Brunei vs Indonesia
Crypto regulation comparison
Brunei
Indonesia
Restricted
Legal
Brunei has no specific cryptocurrency legislation. The BDCB (formerly AMBD) stated in 2017 that crypto is not legal tender and not regulated, warning the public about risks. Crypto is not banned but has no legal protection. No tax guidelines address crypto specifically.
Cryptocurrency is legal in Indonesia and classified as a commodity (not currency). Bappebti regulated crypto since 2019, but authority transitioned to OJK (Financial Services Authority) in January 2025. Under PMK 50/2025 (effective August 2025), crypto transactions incur a 0.21% final income tax via domestic exchanges (1% via foreign platforms). VAT on crypto transfers was abolished as crypto was reclassified as digital financial assets.
Tax Type
None
Tax Type
Varies
Tax Rate
N/A
Tax Rate
0.21% (domestic exchange) / 1% (foreign platform)
Exchanges
No
Exchanges
Yes
Mining
Yes
Mining
Yes
Regulator
Brunei Darussalam Central Bank (BDCB, formerly AMBD)
Regulator
OJK (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan) since January 2025
Stablecoin Rules
No stablecoin regulation
Stablecoin Rules
Crypto traded as commodities; stablecoin-specific rules under development with OJK transition
Key Points
- BDCB stated in 2017 that crypto is not legal tender and not regulated
- Crypto not recognized as legal tender
- No specific cryptocurrency legislation
- Financial institutions discouraged from dealing in crypto
- No tax guidelines specifically address cryptocurrency
Key Points
- Crypto regulated by OJK since January 2025, transitioned from Bappebti
- 0.21% final income tax on (PPh Art. 22) crypto transaction value for sales per PMK 50/2025
- VAT abolished under PMK 50/2025; reclassified as digital financial assets
- Only crypto assets approved and listed by Bappebti can be traded on licensed exchanges
- Indonesia launched a national crypto exchange (Bursa Kripto Indonesia) in 2023